摘 要
特种设备是指涉及生命安全、危险性较大的锅炉、压力容器（含气瓶，下同）、压力管道、电梯、起重机械、客运索道、大型游乐设施和场（厂）内专用机动车辆等设备设施，是国民经济建设的重要基础设备和人们生活的重要基础设施。随着我国经济的快速发展，在用特种设备数量以在快速增长。特种设备与人民群众生活密切相关，一旦发生事故，经济损失惨重、社会影响恶劣。特种设备安全工作特别重要，对促进经济社会发展、保障人民群众生命财产安全、构建和谐社会都具有重要意义。特种设备检验检机构作为特种设备安全工作的重要组成部分，是一种非营利的公益性机构，不以追求利润为目的，承担技术把关的责任。随着检验检测技术的不断发展，特种设备检验检测工作从管理模式，到技术手段都已逐渐成熟，但特种设备检验检测机构承担的责任越来越大。如何在现有工作模式的基础上，提高检验检测工作质量，降低检验检测机构的检验工作风险，辅助安全监察机构加强对特种设备安全的监督管理，成为特种设备检验检测机构面临的新问题。
本论文基于上述问题，从特种设备检验案例入手，运用信息管理理论，提出解决问题的对策。首先，对信息管理理论进行阐述，以实现信息资源的有效开发和利用为目标，将检验案例信息的使用价值最大化。其次，按照从信息管理的信息分析、采集、加工、存储、传递等运作过程和方式，遵循时效原则、准确原则、共享原则、服务原则和搜索原则等信息管理的基本原则，进行特种设备检验检测机构信息管理和检验案例信息管理现状和问题分析。最后，对目前检验案例信息管理过程中突出的信息采集规范性问题，提出合理的建议，以及建立检验案例规范和检验案例管理制度两个主要的对策。
通过对检验案例信息进行科学的管理，建立检验案例规范和检验案例管理制度，为特种设备检验检测可能出现问题的预测和判断，提供丰富的知识储备，进一步降低检验检测误判的风险，提高工作效率；为制定安全技术规范、标准以及事故应急预案提供参考依据，为指导检验人员的检验工作实践提供参考实例；为特种设备安全预警机制的建立，提供基础数据，提高安全监察机构决策分析的能力。
关键词：特种设备 检验检测 检验案例 信息管理
Abstract
Special equipment, including boiler, pressure vessel (inc. gas cylinder), pressure piping, elevator, crane, ropeway, amusement equipment and factory car, defines dangerous facilities concerning safety which is fundamental for national economy and people’s life. In-service Special equipment is growing fast along with china economics’ high-speed development. Special equipment has close relation with people’s normal daily life; there will be disastrous damage and influence to public and social in case of accident. The safety of special equipment is crucial for promoting economy, protecting people’s life and property, and the most, constructing harmonious society. Special equipment inspection agencies (SEIA) are important parts for special equipment safety with non-profit nature and technical responsibilities. Special equipment inspection has established its managing mode and technique measure, but along with fast developing on inspection technique, SEIAs face more serious responsibility and new problems, for instance, to improve inspection and testing quality, to reduce inspection risk and to enhance safety control while supporting government.
Based on topic listed above, this paper starts from special equipment inspection case research by Information Management Theory (IMT) and provide a solution. First, maximize inspection cases’ value aiming a full and more effective usage of information resources. Second, analyze SEIAs management and inspection case controlling status information by info-analyzing, collecting, processing, memorizing and transferring follow principles of effectiveness, accurate, sharing, service and easy searching. Last, provide suggestions on standard inspection case collecting and on creating systems both for inspection case standardization and overall management.
The goal is, to provide abundance storage for accident prophet and judgment after inspection, to lower misjudgment inspection risk; to provide references for safety regulations, standards, and accident prophet and for inspector’s daily work; to provide basic data for special equipment safety forecast and support government decision-making and analyzing.
Key words: special equipment, inspection and testing, inspection case, nformation management
